“I shifted that to Einstein,” Nolan told The New York Times, because “Einstein is the personality people know in the audience.”Įinstein’s status as a popular icon is likely also why Nolan uses an imagined conversation between Einstein and Oppenheimer as a recurring device in the film, one that eventually reveals Oppenheimer’s crushing thesis statement. In reality, Oppenheimer did fear causing a chain reaction-but he sought counsel from Arthur Compton, a Nobel Prize winner who directed the Manhattan Project’s University of Chicago outpost, instead of the man behind the theory of relativity. The scene, Nolan admits, is an invention.
And near-zero winds up being good enough for them. Einstein advises Oppenheimer to have another physicist, Hans Bethe ( Gustaf Skarsgård), run the calculations again-revealing that while such an outcome is possible, it has a near-zero chance of actually happening. According to Edward Teller ( Benny Safdie), setting off a nuclear explosion might cause a chain reaction that would ignite the atmosphere, destroying the Earth and everything on it. Early on, Murphy’s Oppenheimer asks Conti’s Einstein to review a troubling set of calculations as the Manhattan Project gets underway. In the film, at least, the admiration goes both ways. “Indeed, if I had to think of a single word for his attitude towards human problems, I would pick the Sanskrit word Ahinsa, not to hurt, harmlessness.” Later, Oppenheimer would return the favor: “Einstein is also, and I think rightly, known as a man of very great good will and humanity,” he said in that 1965 lecture. (In a paper published the same day Hitler invaded Poland!) Though Oppenheimer thought he was essentially old-fashioned, “Einstein eventually acquired a grudging respect for the new director” of the Institute, write Bird and Sherwin, “whom he described as ‘an unusually capable man of many-sided education.’ But what he admired about Oppenheimer was the man, not his physics.” As shown in Oppenheimer, the younger physicist helped to prove they do. The older physicist was skeptical of quantum theory, which Oppenheimer would advance, and didn’t believe black holes could possibly exist.
“In the last years of Einstein’s life, the last twenty-five years, his tradition in a certain sense failed him,” Oppenheimer would write in 1965, in a lecture later published in the New York Review of Books. (Though they’re in the same town, the Institute is not affiliated with Princeton University.) While they had known each other for years before he came to the Institute and he respected Einstein-who wouldn’t?-Oppenheimer thought of his predecessor “as a living patron saint of physics, not a working scientist,” Bird and Sherwin write.
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Einstein only has a handful of scenes in Oppenheimer, but each of them packs a similar punch-particularly another (fictionalized) meeting that the film keeps coming back to, revealing its full significance only in the movie’s final moments.Īnd though he and Oppenheimer both lived and worked in Princeton, New Jersey after the war-specifically at the Institute for Advanced Study, where Oppenheimer served as director from 1947 to 1966-they were not particularly close friends. (Though Oppenheimer’s memorable reply is actually lifted from a different exchange.) The scene is a neat illustration of how these two scientific giants both mirrored and opposed one another. Like many of the details in Christopher Nolan’s script, both lines of dialogue come straight from Oppenheimer’s source material, Kai Bird and Martin Sherwin’s biography American Prometheus. “Damnit,” he replies, “I happen to love this country.” (It’s what Einstein was forced to do to his homeland of Germany, after all-and for understandable reasons, he would never trust governments or politicians.) What the essentially stateless Einstein doesn’t understand is that for New York City–born Oppenheimer, this simply isn’t an option. If this is the reward the American government gives Oppenheimer after the years he spent developing the nuclear bomb that ended World War II, Einstein tells him in the film, Oppenheimer should simply “turn his back” on America.
Outside his home in Princeton, he encounters a colleague: Albert Einstein ( Tom Conti), who doesn’t seem to get why his fellow physicist is lying down and taking it.
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Despite the scientist’s service to his country, he’s being accused of harboring treasonous sympathies an unofficial trial with a foregone conclusion is dragging him through the mud. Robert Oppenheimer at one of his lowest moments.
There’s a gutting scene midway through Oppenheimer that finds Cillian Murphy’s J.
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